c 


MM  "lit* 


BULLETIN       OF      THE        UNIVERSITY       OF        MISSOURI  VOL.     VIII  NO.     12 


ENTERED     APRIL      12,      1903,     AT      COL 


1SSOUR1.      AS      SECOND-CLASS      MATTEI 


kCT     OF     CONGRESS, 


i  e.    1694. 


x  ; 


AGRICULTURE  AS  A  CAREER 


HE  only  other  persons  whose  welfare  is  as  vital  to  the  welfare  of  the  whole  country 
as  the  welfare  of  the  wage  workers  are  the.  tillers  of  the  soil,  the  farmer.  It  is  a 
mere  truism  to  say  that  no  growth  of  cities,  no  growth  of  wealth,  no  industrial 
development  can  atone  for  any  falling  off  in  the  character  and  standing  of  the  farming  pop- 
ulation. This  means  that  there  must  be  open  to  farmers  the  chance  for  technical 
and  scientific  training,  not  theoretical  merelv,  but  of  the  most  severely  practical  type.  The 
farmer  represents  a  peculiarly  high  type  of  American  citizenship  and  he  must  have  the  same 
chance  to  rise  and  develop  as  other  American  citizens  have.  All  of  this  is  peculiarly  neces- 
sary here  in  the  United  States  where  the  frontier  conditions  even  in  the  newest  States  have 
now  nearly  vanished,  where  there  must  be  a  substitution  of  the  more  intensive  system  of 
cultivation  tor  the  old  wasteful  farm  management." — President  Theodore  Roosevelt  in  message  to 
the  Fifty-ninth  Congress. 


The  show  herd  of  fat  steers  fed  by  the  .Missouri  College  of  Agriculture  in  1907,  and  exhibited  at  the  Inter-State  Fair.  Kansas  Citv,  the  Missouri  State 
Fair.  Sedaha.  the  American  Royal.  Kansas  City,  and  the  International  r.iye  Stock  Exposition.  Chicago.  Championship  prizes  won  9;  First  prizes 
won,   17;  Second  prizes  won,   10;  Third  prizes  won,  7;   Fourth  prizes  won,  2.     Every  steer  won  at  every     show,  excepting  one  steer  a1   one  show 


THE  FARMER  OF  THE  FUTURE. 


IT  IS  quite  as  much  due  to  the  boy  who  is  to  remain 
on  the  farm  that  he  be  soundly  educated  as  it  is 
to  the  boy  who  is  to  leave  the 
farm  and  become  a  physician,  a 
minister,  an    editor,    or    a    mer 
chant.     It  is  due  him  not  only 
to  insure  his  future  success,  but 
likewise   it   is   due   to  his   call- 
ing.    It  is  only  by  this  means 
that  the  dignity  of  agriculture 
is  to  be  maintained, 
c 

9    IT  is  not  primarily  a  mat- 
ter of  increased  financial 
returns  but  has  involved  in   it 
the  future  welfare  of  America's 
agriculture.      Further    ad- 
vancement must  be  based 
upon   the   increased   intel- 
ligence of  the  man  who  is 
to   till    the   soil     together 
with     his     better     under- 
standing   of     the     funda- 
mental    laws    of     nature 
with  which  he  has  to  deal. 
c 

91  F  the  American 
farmer  is  to  prove  an  exception  to  the  history  of 
the  world  am!  remain  the  independent,  thinking,  reading, 
progressive  individual  that  he  has  thus  far  been 
instead  of  becoming  a  peasant,  as  he  has  before  in  all  his- 
tory,   it    is    necessary    that    he    be     given     the     broadest 


THE    COLUMNS. 


possible    training     and     be     educated    most     thoroughly 
in  the  fundamental  principles  underlying  his  profession. 


THE  waste  of  the  resources  of  the  soil  due  to  im- 
proper methods  of  farming  which  has  occurred  in 
the  last  century  cannot  con- 
tinue another  century  with- 
out bringing  ruin  to  Ameri- 
ca's basic  industry  and  fam- 
ine to  the  millions  of  people 
who  are  dependent  upon  it. 
We  have  at  best  but  a  life's 
interest  in  the  soil  we 
till  and  are  under  the 
deepest  moral  obliga- 
tions to  hand  it  down 
to  the  next  generation 
unimpaired  in  produc- 
tiveness and  value.  As 
large  returns  may  be 
obtained  under  intelli- 
gent management  and 
by  the  aid  of  scientific 
knowledge  without  de- 
pleting the  soil  as  are 
now  secured  under  a 
system  of  land  spoliation.  This  is  a  matter  of  concern 
not  only  to  the  landowner  but  to  the  whole  of  society, 
since  the  future  welfare  of  our  cities  and  factories  and 
churches  and  schools  is  directly  dependent  upon  the  re- 
turns from  the  farm. 


,\T '  <* ■' 


MISSOURI 


ENDENT  UPON  HER  FARMS. 


HE  future  of  Missouri  is  intimately  bound  up  in  and  de- 
pendent upon  agriculture.  Jn  order  that  this  agriculture 
may  be  of  the  best  type  and  most  successful  it  must  be 
based  upon  a  right  understanding  of  the  laws  governing 
the  growth  and  production  of  plants  and  animals  and  the 
Conservation  of  the  resources  of  tbe  soil. 


BREEDING     NEW     VA I 
CORN. 

Breeding  a  strain  of  corn  at  tlio 
college  whirl]  lias  already  shown  an 
average   Increase   of   nine   bushels   tier 


PRIZE-WINNIN3    CORN 


EXPERIMENTS     SHOW     HOW     TO     MORE     THAN 
DOUBLE   THE    CORN   YIELD"   SOUTH- 
WEST   MISSOURI. 
In     Barton    county    by    proper    fertilization     the 
yield    of    corn    was    increased    from    eighteen    to    for- 
ty-five   bushels    per    acre    on    thin    land    bv    experi- 

nts    conducted    by    the    Missouri    Agricultural    Col- 

lege.  This  is  fifty  per  cent  more  than  the  average 
yield  per  acre  of  1  lie  county  and  showed  a  net 
profit  over  and  above  the  cost  for  fertilizer  and 
treatment  of  $4.67  per  acre  for  the  first  year, 
which   when   applied   to   the   O.j.OOO  acres   planted    to 

n    in    Barton    county    would    amount    in    a    single 

year  to  $441,7."iO.OO.  or  more  than  twice  as  much 
as  the  State  has  given  to  the  College  of  Agri- 
culture   since    it    was    founded. 


EXPERIMENTS      DOUBLE      WHEAT      YIELD      IN 
NORTHEAST      MISSOURI. 

Experiments  were  made  by  the  college  in  Monroe 
county,  where  by  the  proper  use  of  cowpeas  and  lime 
the  vield  of  wheat  was  increased  from  twelye  to 
twenty-four  bushels  per  acre,  and  showed  a  net  profit 
of  $3.00  per  acre.  On  the  S.00O  acres  in  tins  county 
erown  in  wheat  this  would  amount  to  $24,000.00 
ner  year,  and  on  the  two  million  acres  of  the 
State'  it  would  amount  to  $0,000,000.00.  and  yet 
the  benefits  of  this  application  have  been  by  no 
means  exhausted  by  this  crop,  but  will  be  manifest 
In    many    crops    to    come. 


ORIGINATING       NEW       WHEAT       FOR 
MISSOURI. 

Ml  the  varieties  of  wheat  now  grown 
in  Missouri  originated  in  the  north  and 
cast  B.v  these  experiments  it  is  proposed 
to  create  varieties  of  wheat  better  adapt- 
ed to  Missouri's  soil  and  climate  than  any 
now  in  existence. 


A   CROP   ROTATION   WOULD   ADD   $56,000.00 
YEARLY  TO  ONE  COUNTY. 

Experiments   by   the  Agricultural  College. 
By   proper  rotation   and  application   of  the   fer- 
tilizer  the  yield  of  wheat  was   Increased   In   a   north 
Missouri  cunty    from   twelve   to   twenty-siz   bushels. 
showing   a    net    profit    of   $4.58   the   first   year.     This 

"      applied      tO     all     Of      the      wheal      gl nil      ill 

this    county    would    increase    the    net    return    about 

9  00      each     year.       This     applied     to     the     whole 

wheat    area    of    the    State    would    amount    of    $n>.- 
714,407.00    annually,    or    more    than    enough    to    sup- 

,i  thi  State  government,  ail  the  stale  Institu- 
tions, and  give  the  public  schools  several  million 
dollar". 


A  COLLEGE  COW  MAKES  A  NEW  WORLD'S   BUTTER  RECORD. 


PEDRO'S  Estella,  the  world  record  Jersey  cow,  in  her  three- 
year-old  form  weighing  a  little  over  800'  pounds  produced 
in  one  year  712  pounds  of  butter,  or  practically  her  own 
weight  in  butter. 

This  cow  would  have  supplied  the  tables  of  seven 
average  families  of  five  people  each  with  butter  during  the  entire 
year  and  would  have  supplied  a  large  amount  of  butter  milk  and 
skim  milk  for  cooking  and  drinking  purposes. 

S1F  this  cow's  milk  had  been  sold  at  the  average  net  price  com- 
manded for  milk  in  Columbia,  seven  cents  a  quart,  her  gross 
return  would  have  been  $414.75. 

"  THE  cost  of  feed  she  consumed  during  the  year,  and  on  which 
^      she  produced  $414.75  worth  of  milk  and  cream  and  butter  was 
$75.00,  leaving  a  profit  after  the  feed  bill  was  paid  of  $339.75. 

"  THIS  cow  would  have  kept  an  average  student  in  the  University 
^  paying  all  of  his  expenses  for  books,  clothing,  tuition,  etc.,  paid 
for  the  feed  she  consumed,  and  allowed  books  and  clothing  for  the 
small  brother  at  home  to  feed  and  milk  her  and  deliver  the  milk  to 
customers  nights  and  mornings,  at  the  same  time  allowing  him  to 
attend  the  graded  school. 

"  TEN  such  animals,  a  number  easily  supported  by  the  labor  of  one 
~      man,  would  yield  a  larger  return  after  paying  for  all  feed  con- 
sumed than  the  salary  of  the  highest  paid  professor  in  the  University. 


Missouri  Chief  Josaphine. 
holding  the  Missouri  record 
for  milk  production.  Rec- 
ord: 94  pounds  of  milk,  or 
11%  gallons  in  one  day;  710 
pounds  of  milk,  or  77  gallons 
in  one  week;  2,535  pounds  of 
milk,  or  315  gallons  in  one 
month;  15.427  pounds  of  milk, 
or   1.928   gallons   in    one   year. 


Pedro's  Estella,  the  three- 
year-old  Jersey  cow,  holding 
the  world  butter  record  for 
a  cow  of  her  age.  Bred  and 
owned  by  the  Missouri  Agri- 
cultural College.  Pounds  of 
butter  in  one  day,  2% ;  pounds 
of  butter  in  one  week,  16%; 
pounds  of  butter  in  one 
month,  71;  pounds  of  butter  in 
the  year,  712. 


-m-  ■I**'  t  *  * *~m  -  *?Sh£-(f 

J&»^ 

~&~  « 

.    '.•••-■ 

L  I            »   ~       -2  /             *     .  / 

Bsu3| 

i 

|K;    wW?                               ■fc*-'1     f^B 

1  ■ 

m  s  ,  wtf. 

■  .t! 

HEAVY    DRAFT    HORSES    BELONGING    TO    THE  COLLEGE. 

THE  AGRICULTURAL  COLLEGE  STUDENT  CAN  DO  THINGS. 


T!  I  E  best  evidence  that  the  instruction  in  the 
various  technical  subjects  is  practical  is  the 
success  the  students  have  in  putting  this  in- 
formation into  actual  use  when  they  leave 
the  College  or  when  they  come  in  competition 
with  men  of  more  experience  who  have  not  had  the  ben- 
efit of  a  college  training  in  agriculture. 

IX  1901  the  Missouri  State  Fair  offered  a  scries  of 
prizes  for  the  greatest  proficiency  in  judging  all 
classes  of  livestock,  open  to  all  citizens  of  the  State 
twenty-five  car-  of  age  and  under.  The  undergraduate 
-Indent-  of  the  Agricultural  College  won  twenty-six  of 
these  twenty-eighl  prizes. 

FOR  the  past  two  years  the  State  Dairy  Association 
has  offered  a  series  of  special  prizes  on  butter  made 
by  t lie  students  of  the  Agricultural  College  on  the  theory 
that  it  is  unfair  to  the  practical  and  experienced  butter 
maker  to  permit  the  product  of  a  specially  trained  stu- 
dent to  compete  with  his.  At  each  show  the  lowest  scor- 
ing butter  made  by  an  Agricultural  College  student  was 


several    points    higher   than    the    highest   scoring    butter 
made  by  the  practical  ami  experienced  butter  makers. 

A  GREAT  many  of  the  leading  county  fairs  of  the 
State  have  dispensed  with  the  committee  of  three 
experienced  men  for  judges  of  the  stock  and  are  select- 
ing a  single  judge  from  among  the  men  trained  at  the 
Agricultural  College,  Men  so  trained  are  able  in  addi- 
tion to  correctly  ranking  the  animals,  to  give  a  logical 
reason  therefor  and  to  point  out  the  good  qualities  as  well 
as  the  deficiencies  of  each.  The  judging  then  becomes 
an  invaluable  object  lesson  and  the  fair  a  local  agricul- 
tural school. 

LIKEWISE   are   the    college   trained     men     sought 
everywhere  as  judges  at  corn  shows,  fruit  shows, 
dairy  exhibits, — in  fact  where  ever  a  well  developed  and 
a  closely  discriminating  judgment  is  required  is  the  col- 
lege trained   man   sought. 

THAT   these   men   do  things   and   are   not   afraid   to 

work  after  they  leave  college  is  further  evidenced 

by  the  call  for  college  graduates  to  he  managers  of  farms 

and  conduct  the  various  kinds  of  agricultural  operations, 


HORTICULTURAL    BUILDING. 


AGRICULTURAL    BUILDING.  LIVE      STOCK     JUDGING     PAVILION. 


A 


ISTKKKI)  JERSEY  COWS  WHOSE  TOTAL  BUTTER  PRODUCTION  THIS  YEAR  WILL  BE  OVER  4, •;<><>   POUNDS,  OK  MORE 
THAN*7oO   POUNDS  EACH.     BRED  AND  OWNED  BY  THE  COLLEGE. 

/      STUDENTS  WIN 


MEMBER  of  the  student  judging  team  from 
the  Missouri  Agricultural  College  won  first 
prize  as  the  hest  judge  of  all  classes  of  live- 
stock at  the  International  Live  Stock  Show 
at   Chicago,    Decemher,     1907,    making    the 

highest  record   ever  made  by  any  student  in  a  judging 

contest. 


SCHOLARSHIPS. 

OW   THE    College 


attending 


student    team    won    three     Armour 

Scholarships,  having  a   cash    value   of  $250   each. 

This  money  is  being  used  to  pay  a  portion  of  the  expenses 

of  eight  poor  and   worthy   young   men   while 

the  Agricultural  College. 

THE  average  standing  of  the  College  team  in  all 
^*  classes  of  live  stock  was  second,  in  competition 
with  eight  of  the  leading  agricultural  colleges  of  the  United 
States. 


m?  ai  ^irtiiji 


•    a 


AGRICULTURAL     STUDENTS     JUDGING     SHEEP. 


PREVENTING  HOG  CHOLERA  BY  INOCULATION. 


TrE  results  of  the  experiments  now  in  progress 
at  the  College  in  co-operation  with  the  Bu- 
reau of  Animal  Industry  of  the  United  States 
Department  of  Agriculture,  show  that  with- 
out question  hog  cholera  may  he  prevented 
liv  means  of  inoculation.     Already  several  hundred  head 


sustains  a  loss  from  this  disease  of  approximately  $2,000,- 
000.00  annually. 

IT  is  not  too  much  to  expect  that  this  loss  may  be 

largely  and  in   the  end  wholly  prevented. 
THE  College  is  making  arrangements  to  distribute 
this  serum  among  the  swine  breeders  of  the  State 
free  of  charge  as  soon  as  the  necessary  funds  for  its  pro- 
duction can  be  provided. 
Making  Peaches  Hardy  by  Pruning. 

PEACH  trees  pruned  by  the   method  practiced  at 
the  College  have  been  made  to  produce  two  addi- 
tional crops  in  eight  years  over  and  above  orchards  sim- 
ilarly situated  and  treated  in  the  same  way  with  the  ex- 
ception of  the  method  of  pruning.     Missouri  has  125,- 
000  acres  planted  in  peaches.    A  good  crop  is  expected 

to  net    at    least    $50.00     per 

acre.     The  increased  wealth 

hmm^hmb',  of  the   State  in   eight  years 

by  adopting  the  College 
method  o  f  pruning 
would  amount  to  $12,- 
500,000.0,0. 


DRAWING   SERUM 
FOR   INOCULATION 
AGAINST 
HOG     CHOLERA. 


A     LESSON     IN     PRUNING. 

on  different  farms  in  the  State  as  well  as  on  the  Col- 
lege grounds  have  been  inoculated,  while  others  in  the 
same  lots  were  dying  with  cholera,  without  the  loss  of  a 
single  inoculated  animal,  while  the  great  majority  of 
those  not  inoculated  died. 

MISSOURI  swine  herds  have  not  been  wholly  free 
from  this  disease  in  the  last  twenty  years.     The 
State  authorities  estimate  that  the   Missouri  hog  raiser 


AN  EXERCISE  IN  DAIRYING. 


T 


THE  BOY  ON  THE  FARM. 

O  THE  boy  on  the  farm,  and  particularly  to  him  who  is  to  come  into  possession  of  farm  land,  no 
si  Hinder  advice  could  be  given  than  to  keep  this  land  and  prepare  to  intelligently  manage  it.  Agricultural 
land  will  never  be  cheaper  than  it  is  now  and  it  will  lie  more  and  more  difficult  to  acquire.  The  im- 
provement of  the  public  roads,  the  introduction  of  the  modern  conveniences  such  as  the  rural  telephone, 
free  rural  mail  deliver)",  erection  of  sanitary  homes,   rob   country    life   of   its   disadvantages,   and    leave   with 

it  all  its  advantages.  Inarming  is  the  most  pleasant  and  independent 
occupation  known  to  man.  The  brightest  boy  will  find  in  the  conduct 
of  The  farm  ample  opportunity  for  the  exercise  of  his  best  judgment 
and  highest  intelligence. 

THE  role  of  the  farmer  in  business,  in  society,  in  state-craft,  and  in 
religion  will  grow  in  the  future  rather  than  diminish.     If  the  boy's 
tastes  therefore  run  in  the  direction  of  farming  encourage  him  to  stay 
on  the  farm  and  fit  himself  for  the  largest  success  in  this  line. 


••  ■ » _  *5^ 


ALFALFA   ON   STIFF   CLAY   SOIL 


THE     COLLEGE  BREEDING     HERDS 


EXPERIMENTS    TO     INCREASE    PUTNAM    COUN 
TY    CORN    CROP. 


[experiments     made     by     the     Agricultural     Col- 
in    Putnam    county    show      thai     the    use    of 

cowpeae  and  n Increased   the  yield  of  corn   fr 

sixty  three  and  n  half  t"  seventy-four  bushels 
per  acre,  and  gave  an  Increased  nel  profit  of  $1,14 
per  acre  the  lirsi  year.  This  applied  to  the  B7.87B 
acre  of  corn  normally  grown  in  putnam  County 
would    be    equal    to   $05, 106.00. 


OPPORTUNITIES  IN  AGRICULTURE. 


A  MISSOURI  farm  boy  who  graduated  from  the 
Missouri  Agricultural   College  is   now   Chief 
of   one   of    the     most    important     Bureaus     in 
the     National     Department     of     Agriculture, 
with  a  salary  of  $6,000.00  a  year. 
A  CENTRAL  Missouri  country  bov  worked  his  way 
through  the  Agricultural  College  and  is  now  Dep- 
uty Minister  of  Agriculture  of  the  Philippine  Islands  at 
a  salary  of  $4,000'.00  a  year. 

A  NORTHWEST  Missouri 
farmer  boy,  after  graduat- 
ing at  the  Missouri  Agricultural 
College  has  been  made  Director 
of  the  Porto  Rico  Experiment 
Station  at  $3,fi00.00  a  vear. 

A  CHARITON  county    boy 
graduated   three  years  ago 
from    the     Missouri     Agricultural 
College   and   is    now   manager   of 
the  Clarence  Mackav  firms,  Long 
Island,  at   a  salary '  of    $3,000.00. 
where  the  expenditure  for  main- 
tenance     and      improvements     is 
more  than  $100,000.00  a  year. 
dTR   A   FARMER'S    son    gradu- 
al-      ated     from     the     Missouri 
Agricultural  College  a  year  ago, 
entered   the   government   service   immediately   at   a   sal- 
ary  of   $1,0(10.00,    and    is    now    Assistant    Professor    in    an 
agricultural  college  at  $1, (500. 00  a  year. 

WITH  equal  success  are  other  graduates  conduct- 
ing- their  own  farms  and  making  their  own  impres- 


Silver    loving    cup    won    by 

the  Missouri  Agricultural  Col- 
lege for  the  Grand  Champion 
Galloway  steer,  Jamie,  at  the 
American  Royal  Live  Stock 
Show,   Kansas  City,   in   1907. 


Iff 


.Hon  upon  the  agriculture  of  the  State  and  Nation.  These 
men  are  taking  rank  as  they  grow  in  experience  as  lead- 
ing breeders  and  farmers  of  their  community  and  coun- 
try. 

THE   United    States    Department    of    Agriculture 

alone  pays  more  out  each  year  for  salaries  than 
eight  of  the  largest  universities  in  America  combined. 
Scarcely  a  week  passes  that  the  College  is  not  asked  to 
recommend  a  man  for  a  position  either  as  teacher,  inves- 
tigator, editor,  farm  manager,  or  a  partner  in  business 
or  to  conduct  a  farm. 

THE    other    Departments     of 

the  University  have  long 
been  recognized  as  suitable  places 
in  which  to  fit  men  for  success 
in  their  chosen  professions.  It  is 
only  within  very  recent  years  that 
we  have  come  to  realize  that  an 
agricultural  education  opens  new 
and  attractive  avenues  of  oppor- 
tunity and  usefulness. 

WHY  should  a    young    man 

born  and  reared  on  the 
farm  willfully  waste  the  knowl- 
edge, experience  and  training  he 
has  there  acquired  by  entering  a 
profession  in  which  it  would  be 
of  no  service  to  him  when  the  op- 
portunity   is    offered    of    making 

this  experience  his  most  valuable  asset  by  entering  a 
profession  that  is  less  crowded  and  affords  greater  oppor- 
tunities for  su(  ces=. 


Sweepstakes  prize  for  the 
highest  scoring  butter  exhib- 
ited at  the  Missouri  State 
Dairy  Association  Butter 
Slmw.  It  lias  been  contested 
for  six  times,  anil  won  four 
times  by  men  who  received 
their  instruction  in  butter 
making  at  the  Missouri  Ag- 
ricultural  College. 


CARRYING    THE    GOSPEL    OF    AGRICULTURE    TO    THE    FARMER. 


IN  SEVEN  days  ten  thousand  farmers  listened  to 
lectures  from  the  College  teachers  and  officers  of 
the  State  Board  of  Agriculture  on  improved  seed 
corn,  crop  rotation,  improved  breeds  of  live  stock, 
building  up  and  saving  the  fertility  of  the  land, 
etc.  Every  principal  railroad  system  of  the  State  has 
come  to  realize  that  improved  agriculture  means  in- 
creased freight  and  passenger  business  and  has  placed 
a  special  Seed  and  Soil  Train  at  the  disposal  of  the  au- 
thorities of  the  College  for  carrying  this  message  to 
the  farmers  in  its  territory. 

AT   the   regular   farmers'   institutes   held   under   the 
auspices  of  the   State   Board   of  Agriculture,   the 
teacher-    of   the    Agricultural    College    lecture     to    from 

15, to  80,000  farmers  each  year. 

NOT  less  than  25,000  or  30,000  letters  are  written 
each  year  by  the  teachers  of  the  College  answering 
questions  in  relation  to  every  detail  of  farming  and  stock 
growing.  Through  the  bulletins  of  the  Experiment  Sta- 
tion, circulars  of  information,  articles  in  the  agricultural 
papers  and  the  country  press  a  great  majority  of  the 
farmers  of  the  State  arc  reached  directly  at  some  time 
or  another  by  some  sort  of  information  or  with  some 
kind  of  inspiration. 

FARM  BOYS  ENCAMPMENT. 

PERHAPS  a  dozen  farm  boys'  encampments  will 
be  held  in  Missouri  this  summer  in  as  many  dif- 
ferent counties  to  be  enjoyed  by  not  less  than  two 
thousand  bovs. 


AT  the  encampment  last  year  held  on  the  farm 
of  Mr.  S.  M.  Jordan,  who  is  now  in  charge  of  this 
work  for  the  College,  there  was  an  enrollment  of  one 
hundred  and  thirty-two.  These  boys  are  taught  the 
how  and  the  why  of  improved  agriculture.  Innocent 
games  and  sports,  under  proper  management,  are  added 
to  whet  the  boys  appetite  for  knowledge.  Tt  is  an  out- 
ing- and  an  Agricultural  School  combined. 


AN      AGRICULTURAI 
COLLEGE    ON    WHEELS 


AWAKENING  AN  INTEREST  IN   THE   FUTURE  FARMER. 


Outlying  Short  Courses. 

THE   brightest    boys   will   stay   on    the   farm    in- 
stead of  going  to  the  cities  if  they  understand 
aright    the    opportunities    agriculture    offers. 
The   College    last    year    in    co-operation 
with   the    State     Board    of    Agriculture    held 
short    courses    in    agriculture    in    connection    with    three 
of   the   principal   normal   schools   of  the    State   with    the 
view   primarily  of  arousing  the   interest  of  the   student 


INTERESTING    THE    BOYS    IN    IMPROVED    AGRI  CULTURE. 

of  the  normal  school,  the  future  public  school  teacher, 
in  the  subject  of  agriculture.  These  courses  were  one 
week  in  length,  and  the  farmers  of  the  vicinity  were 
invited  to  enroll  upon  the  same  terms  as  the  normal 
school  students.  The  enrollment  in  the  course  at  Mary- 
ville  was  one  hundred  and  ten  ;  at  Kirksville  one  hun- 
dred and  thirty  and  at  Cape  Girardeau  two  hundred  and 
seventy-five. 

BOYS'  CORN  GROWING  CONTEST. 

FULLY  1,500  Missouri  farm  boys  are  already  en- 
gaged in  growing  prize  corn  to  be  exhibited  at 
local  corn  shows,  the  State  Fair,  and  finally  at  the 
State  Corn  Show  at  the  Agricultural  College  next  Jan- 


uary.  More  than  one-half  the  counties  in  the  State  are 
represented.      In   one   county   alone    L50   boys   arc   each 

growing-  an  acre  of  corn  in  Ihis  contest. 

Boys'   Corn  and  Stock  Judging  School. 

gj    AT  the  time  of  the  State   Corn   Show  the   College 

^J-,      will  offer  two  Short  Courses  for  boys.    One  will  be 

open  to  boys  over  ten  and  under  sixteen  years  of  aye. 
and  will  continue  one  week.  The  other  includes  all  boys 
over  sixteen  and  under  twenty  years  of  age,  and  will 
continue  ten  days.  The  first  course  is  offered  for  the 
benefit  of  those  boys  who  will  come  to  the  College  with 
their  parents,  and  will  include  lessons  in  corn  judging, 
stock  judging,  dairying-  and  horticulture.  The  boys  in 
the  second  course  are  old  enough  to  come  to  Columbia 
alone  and  will  have  a  more  rigid  course  in  the  judging 
and  selection  of  animals,  the  judging  and  testing  of  seed 
corn,  the  principles  of  dairying,  of  veterinary  practice 
and  fruit  growing. 

Free   Scholarships  to   Boys. 

^-r  IN  many  cases  the  bankers  or  merchants  of  a  corn- 
el., munity  have  established  a  free  scholarship  which 
will  defray  the  entire 
expenses  of  one  or 
more  boys  from  their 
community  t  o  these 
Short  Courses.  Us- 
ually the  boy  whose 
corn  wins  the  highest 
score  in  the  local  corn 
show  is  to  receive  the 
scholarship. 

■^r    THE       brightest 

^J-.      boys     must     b  e 

kept  on  the  farm.   This 

cannot     b  e     done     b  y 

keeping  them  in  ignorance  of  the   underlying  principles 

of   the   business   of   agriculture.      The    greatest   possible 

stimulus    is    given    them    when    the    desire    to    know    is 

awakened  and  this  is  the  chief  object  of  these  courses. 


CHAMPION    GALLOWAY      STEER,      JAMIE, 
FED  AND   EXHIBITED   BY   THE   COLLEGE. 


THE     MISSOURI    AGRICULTURAL  COLLEGE. 


Its  History. 

THE  College  of  Agriculture  grew  out  of  an  act 
of  Congress  approved  July  2,  1862,  setting 
aside  a  certain  amount  of  public  land  in  each 
state  and  territory  for  the  establishment  and 
maintenance  of  an  institution  of  learning  "the 
leading  objects  of  which  shall  be,  without 
excluding  other  and  classical  studies  and 
including  military  tactics,  to  teach  such 
branches  of  learning  as  are  related  tc 
agriculture  and  the  mechanic  arts  in 
such  a  manner  as  the  legislatures  of  the 
states  may  respectively  provide  in 
order  to  promote  the  liberal  and  prac- 
tical education  of  the  industrial  classes 
in  the  several  pursuits  and  professions 
of  life."  The  Missouri  Agricultural 
College  was  established  under  this  act 
in  L870,  and  that  portion  of  the  insti- 
tution relating  to  agriculture  and  me- 
chanic arts  was  located  at  Columbia 
in  connection  with  the  State  Univer- 
sity already  established.  The  mining 
department  of  the  College  was  located 
at  Rolla.  as  the  Missouri  School  of 
Mines.  Aside  from  a  minor  appropri- 
ation made  by  the  Missouri  legislature 
at  the  time  the  College  was  established 
no  State  support  was  given  it  until 
1887,  and  then  only  a  meagre  sum  for 
the  erection  of  a  barn  and  the  purchase 
of  some  improved  live  stock.  No 
further  assistance  was  given  by  the 
Sla'e  until  1899.  It  is  therefore  within 
the  last   '  irs  that   'he  College  of  Agriculture  has 

received  practically  all  of  its  assistance  from  the  State 
and  in  this  time  has  elected  almost  every  building  it 
now  owns. 


M 


j* 


A  DERBY  WINNER  BELONGING  TO 
THE    COLLEGE, 


Its  Objects. 

9  AS  stated  in  the  law  its  leading  object  is  "to  teach 
such  branches  of  learning  as  are  related  to  agricul- 
ture and  mechanic  arts."  Tt  has  also  an  equally  import- 
ant object,  namely;  the  making  of  experiments  concern- 
ing the  best  methods  of  soil  management  and  cultivation, 
crop  rotation,  pruning  and  management 
of  fruits,  varieties  of  farm,  orchard  and 
garden  crops,  the  combating  of  insect 
pests,  butter  and  cheese-making,  the 
adaptability  of  the  soils  of  the  different 
parts  of  the  State  to  new  and  untried 
crops,  origination  of  new  varieties  of 
crops,  and  the  improvement  of  old  and 
standard  varieties,  making  a  soil  sur- 
vey of  the  State  and  a  chemical  analy- 
sis of  the  different  soil  types;  controll- 
ing contagious  diseases  of  plants  and 
animals.  In  short,  the  working  out  for 
the  farmer  of  a  more  rational  system 
of  agriculture  bv  making  experiments 
which   he   cannot   make. 


Its   Equipment. 


9  THE  Old  Agricultural  building,  a 
three-story  brick  structure,  lo- 
cated on  the  campus,  in  which  are 
located  the  administrative  offices  of  the 
College,  the  Experiment  Station  and 
State  Hoard  of  Agriculture,  the  De- 
partment o  f  Animal  Husbandry, 
the  United  States  Weather  Service.  The 
building,  located  on  the  horticultural 
grounds,  and  containing  the  departments  of  Horticulture, 
Botany   and    Entomology.     The  Dairy  building,  located 


\.jn  momy  and 
Horticultural 


on  the  farm,  in  which  are  housed  the  department  of 
Dairying  and  Agricultural  Chemistry.  The  Live  Stock 
building,  also  on  the  farm,  contains  the  laboratories  and 
lecture  rooms  of  the  Veterinary  department,  and  the 
live  stock  judging  pavilion.  The  Farm 
Machinery  Laboratory  contains  repre- 
sentative specimens  of  all  the  leading 
modern  farm  machinery.  The  beef 
barn,  the  dairy  barn,  the  hog  barn, 
sheep  barn,  two  silos,  two  large  cattle 
sheds  for  experimental  feeding  are 
located  on  the  College  Farm.  Two 
greenhouses  for  the  use  of  the  Horti- 
cultural department,  in  which  the 
methods  of  plant  propagation,  graft- 
ing, etc.,  are  practiced,  one  for  the 
department  of  Botany  for  the  study  of 
diseases  of  plants,  and  one  for  the  de- 
partment of  Agronomy  for  studying 
the  fertilizer  requirements  of  the  soils 
in    the   different   parts   of   the   State. 

THE  New  Agricultural  Building, 
the  second  largest  and  most  im- 
portant building  belonging  to  the  Uni- 
versity is  now  in  process  of  erection 
and  under  contract  to  be  completed  by 
March    1,   1909. 

THE  grounds  consist  of  a  farm 
of  610  acres,  and  the  horticul- 
tural grounds  of  thirty  acres.  The  farm 
contains  about  200  acres  of  tillable  land  representing 
everv  grade  of  soil  from  very  thin  ridge  land  to  the 
richest  creek  bottom.  The  remainder  of  the  farm  is  a 
most  excellent  bluegrass  pasture.  On  this  farm  are  cul- 
tivated   about    sixty    acres    of    corn    for    experiments    in 


A     COLLEGE     SHOR1HORN     COW 


breeding  new  varieties,  testing  old  ones,  and  contrasting 
different      methods     of     cultivation,     crop     rotation,      dif- 
ferent sorts  of  fertilizer,  and  methods  of  preparation  of 
land.  etc.     Some  twenty  acres  are  devoted  to  wheat  for 
similar  experiments,  a  few  acres   to   oats, 
and   a   limited   area   to   alfalfa,   cowpeas 
and  other  important  forage  crops. 

THE  farm  live  stock  consists  of 
^*  a  purebred  herd  of  Shorthorn  cat- 
tle, a  Hereford  herd,  and  a  limited  num- 
ber of  purebred  Angus.  Six  complete 
show  herds  of  fat  steers,  representing 
the  Angus,  Galloway,  Hereford,  Short- 
horn breeds  and  their  grades,  and  from 
K>()  to  150  experimental  steers,  used 
for  experiments  in  wintering,  grazing 
and    fattening  cattle. 

9  A  POUT  1C0  head  of  registered 
hogs  are  kept,  renresenting  the 
Berkshire,  Duroc  and  Poland  strains, 
and  in  addition  a  large  number  of  grade 
hogs  for  feeding  experiments  and  a 
goodly  number  used  in  our  investiga- 
tion of  the  methods  of  controlling  hog 
cholera. 

a   A    FLOCK    of    some    sixty     sheep 
is    kept    for    instruction    in    judg- 
ing.     These    represent    the    Shropshire, 
Merino,      Southdown,       Cheviot       and 
Hampshire  breeds. 
THE  horse  stock  consists  of  five  registered  Percherons, 
^^       five  high  grades  and  four  mules. 

THE  dairy  herds  consists  of  about  fifty  registered 
^*  Jerseys,  all  of  which  have  been  bred  on  the  farm, 
fifteen  Holsteins,  which,  with  the  exception  of  two,  have 


also  been   bred   by   the   College,   six   Ayrshires,   and   seven 
irthorns  of  the  dairy  type. 
XO   College   of   Agriculture   in    America   or   in   the 
world  for  that  matter  has  a  better  live  stock  equip- 
ment than  has  the  Missouri  College. 

THE  Horticultural  grounds  are  divided  between 
apple,  peach,  pear  and  plum  orchards;  and  grape 
arbors ;  small  fruit  planting,  and  nursery  and  landscape 
and  ornamental  plantings,  all  for  purposes  of  instruction 
and  research  in  this  specialty  of  agriculture  which  is  of 

luch  importance  to  the  State. 
Its  Standing. 

^  >  THE  work  of  the  College  of  Agriculture  receives 

^"      high   recognition   from  the  other  Colleges    and    De- 

partmei    -  University.     Tt  may  be  truthfully  said 


that  the  character  of  its  work  both  in  instruction  and 
research  is  in  every  particular  the  equal  of  that  of  any 
other  college  of  agriculture  in  America. 

Its  Students. 

SCARCELY  another  Department  of  the  University 
has  grown  so  rapidly  in  the  enrollment  of  students 
and  in  popular  estimation  within  recent  years  as  has  the 
College  of  Agriculture.  The  enrollment  for  last  year  was 
,'541,  including  fifty-five  young  women  studying  home 
economics.  A  few  years  ago  the  enrollment  was  less 
than  two  dozen.  Nowhere  in  the  University  can  be 
found  a  more  enthusiastic,  loyal,  enterprising,  indus- 
trious and  law  abiding  group  of  students  than  those  en- 
rolled in  the  College  of  Agriculture. 


THE    COLLEGE    STOCK    AT    THE    FAIR. 


MAKING    SILAGE   AT   THE   COLLEGE. 

Earning  a   Portion   of  One's  Expenses. 

PERHAPS  one-fourth  of  the  students 
studying-  agriculture  in  the  University 
earn  practically  their  entire  expenses  by  working 
on  the  farm,  in  the  dairy,  in  the  greenhouse  and  in 
the  laboratories  of  the  College  and  University. 
Perhaps  another  fourth  earn  as  much  as  half  of 
their  expenses.  It  is  safe  to  assume  that  where 
so  large  a  number  of  men  are  successful  in  making 
their  expenses  others  may  be  equally  successful. 
There  is  no  reason  why  an  intelligent  boy  with 
pluck  and  determination  may  not  have  a  Univer- 
sity education  if  he  will.  Money  will  not  secure 
it  for  him,  and  the  lack  of  money  need  not  keep 
it  from  him. 


Tuition  Is  Free. 

University. 

Expenses. 

QT-TT-nFNTS  taking  a  laboratory  course  arc  required  to  make 

Soryli  of  $5.00  to  cover  the  cost  of   matenal 

>d  and  breakage.    The  remainder  is  refunded 

Se  student  at  the  end  of  the  course. 

"OARD  and  room  in  the  dormitories  will 
an  average 
per     week. 


•ost  on 
about  >n  go 

This  inndes  fight,  heat, 
service,  c_  In  private 
families  iim  and  board 
will  vary;n  prjce  be- 
tween $3.50  nd  $500  per 
week.  On  t,  whole 
is  safe  to  e:;mate 
that  $150:01  to 
$200:00  will  be  tne 
necessary  expenes 
of  a  student  for  a 
college  year  at  th. 
University. 


it 


L    COLLEGE    PUKE    BRED    PERCHERON    MARE 
PRIZE    WINNER.    ILLINOIS   STATE  FAIR. 


REQUIREMENTS  FOR  ADMISSION. 

TO    ENTER    the   four     years'   collegiate   course 
n  agriculture  requires  essentially  four  year 
Study   in    an    approve!    high    school         YouS 
men   however,   who  arc   twenty-one  years  oi 

farm  will -bTad^edaT'   hav?  had .-perien^n  ° 
fillinrr  ,        •     adni,tted   as   special   students   without   ful 

£Es£  :,:;;;;,i':i:^;;j™M»,s  -  :»-* 

li urv    education wM  ?t's\?fl    T  e?penence  a'ir|  P^ 

'I'.'"   these  mature  students  IS  n  °1"'   "ixriencc 

™ — M*E  S'^-ffrd.,-;:: 


^x£u^; COBN  lo,:  ll"  sll°- 

^n^ng:  Plan,   propagat^  etc,  and 
i     n7n^Vhey,T   made   «P  theirTntrance   re- 

sss?  to  «.s;tss.pie*d  the  reguiar  -^ with  great 


Some  of  the 
When  H 


Stock  Juae 

Grain  Jud 

Crop  Rot 

Butter  Ji 

(  >rchary-. 

Soil  F> 

l;aru 

Sto 

Bi 

\r 


chinery. 

ceding-, 
of  Live  Stock. 
/Production, 
se  Making. 
ect  Pests. 
Adding  and  Grafting. 
Vegetable  Gardening. 
Forestry. 
Climatology. 
Agricultural  Economics. 
Animal  Surgery. 
Plant    Physiology. 
Animal    Physiology. 
Agricultural   Chemistry. 
I  )airy  Bacteriology. 
Landscape    ( iardening. 
Floriculture, 
(brasses. 
Forage   Crops. 
Making  Silage. 
Silo  Construction. 
The  Management  of  a  Stoc 
Contagious   Diseases  of  An 


cal  Subjects  the  Farm  Boy  Studies 
s  to  the  Agricultural  College. 

Farm  Engineering. 
Plant  Breeding. 
Field  Crop  Management. 
Beef  Production. 
Sheep  Production. 
Pork    Production. 
Horse  Production. 


Silver  loving  cup  offered  by 
the  American  Holstein-Fries- 
ian  Association  for  the  stu- 
dent team  showing  the  great- 
est proficiency  in  Judging 
dairy  cattle  ;it  the  National 
Dairy  Show,  Chicago,  and  won 
by  the  Missouri  Agricultural 
College  team. 


Manures  and    Fertilizers. 

Soil    Physics, 
k  Farm 
imals. 


THE   NEW   AGRICULTU  TlkT„ 

.   BUILDING. 

ON  THE  beautiful  site  here  i 
erected  the  handsomest  Tated  is  now  being 
versity  croup,  the  new  hoing  in  the  Uni- 
tural  College.  It  is  entireP*  .the  Agncul- 
most  important  industry  in  ' "ting  that  this 
be  housed  in  the  best  building  the  UniveState  shoul 
of  crystalline  limestone,  quarried  on  the  T  "aS- 
laid  in  Portland  cement,  of  fire  proof  con\eSe 
thoroughly  first  class  in  every  respect. 
0W  THE  building  is  26G 


It  is 

farm ; 

;tion   and 


GENERAL  INFORMATION. 


the     first    week    in    January, 


giate  c 
ber  14,  1908. 


THREE  Short  Winter  Courses  of  eight  weeks  du 
tion  which    will    open 


1909, 


as  follows: 
1. 

2. 
3. 


•-Si  feet  long  with  two 
stories  and  a  high  base- 
ment and  includes  an  au- 
ditorium with  a  seating 
capacity  of  500  for  farm- 
ers' conventions  and  for 
the  accommodation  o  f 
large  classes  of  students. 
The  auditorium  has  a 
swinging  stage,  which 
may  b  e  folded  back 
against  the  wall  so  as  to 
allow  cattle,  horses  and  other  live 
stock  to  be  brought  in  for  demon- 
stration. 

THIS   building   will     contain    the 
administrative  offices  of  the  Col- 
lege and  Experiment  Station,  the  De- 
partments   of     Agronomy     and     Animal 
Husbandry  and  the  laboratories  of  the 
Soil   Survey,   the   Agricultural    library 
and  reading  room  and  temporarily  perhaps  the  depart- 
ment of  Home  Economics.    It  is  likewise  to  be  the  home 
of    the    State    Board   of  Agriculture,    with   the   offices   of 
the     Secretary    of     State     Highway      Commission,      State 
Veterinarian,      Pure       Food      and       Dairy       Commission, 
etc. 

C,  FOR  further  information  in  regard  to  any  of  these  courses  or  advice  conceding  any  of  these  matters. 

address  Dean  H.  J    Waters,  Columbia,   Missouri. 


to 


Soils  and  Crops. 
Animal  Husbandry. 
Dairy  Husbandry. 

THESE  courses  are  open 
young  men  from  the  farm 
without  entrance  examinations  and 
are  designed  to  give  the 
largest  possible  amount 
of  practical  information  in 
the  shortest  time. 


Corn  and   Stock   Judging 
School  for  Boys. 

ONE    course    of    one 
week's    duration    is 
open  to  the  farm  boy  be- 
tween the  age  of  ten  and 
sixteen  years,  and  will  oc- 
cur the    second    week    in 
January,  1909.     Each  child 
must  be   accompanied  by 
a  friend  or  parent. 
^  A    COURSE    of    ten 
HI      days'    duration    be- 
ginning thtsecond  week  in  January,  1909,  which  is  open 
to  the  farm  oy  between  the  ages  of  sixteen  and  twenty 
years. 

FOR  catal-  or  other  bulletins  of  the  University  ad- 
dress  Mei-ill  Otis,   Publisher,   Columbia,   Missouri. 


THE   SITE    OF    THE    NEW   AG-CULTURAL   BUILDING. 


30112105734070 


